May is one of the busiest months in the kitchen garden. The soil is warm and everything should be growing well. Unfortunately the weeds are growing well too so there is no time to relax. Do watch out for a late frost, many growers have been caught out and lost their recently planted beans etc. Keep that fleece handy just in case.

If you do not have any horticultural fleece you can use old net curtains, bubble wrap and the traditional newspaper as a method of insulation when a cold night is forecast.

Harvest

Depending where you are and what you planted, you may have some salad crops ready. Hardy lettuce and spring onions, fast growing radish may well be available. If you tried potatoes undercover, you may well be getting the odd meal from these.

Winter cauliflowers, spring cabbage, sprouting broccoli and kale should be ready now.

The luxury crop asparagus may be starting for you as well this month. Unbeatable!

Sowing, Planting and Cultivating

Cultivation

There are two main cultivation jobs you need to keep on top of in May. First, the weeds are growing. Hoeing them off as small seedlings will make the job far easier than waiting for them to grow and send their roots down. Hoeing is best done on a dry day so that the weeds do not have a chance to recover. Don't forget to sharpen your hoe before you start and frequently as you use it.

The other cultivation job outdoors is to thin out. We sow our carrots and parsnips and it seems a shame to remove seedlings we were so happy to see appear but it needs to be done.

Sowing

There is a lot to sow this month and with many crops you can sow one set and then a few weeks later re-sow to give you a succession of fresh vegetables at the peak of perfection. If it is a dry May, it is a good idea to soak your seed drill before sowing and then just water with a fine rose after.

• French Beans
• Runner Beans
• Beetroot
• Broccoli and Calabrese
• Cabbage and Cauliflowers
• Chicory
• Kale
• Kohlrabi
• Peas
• Turnips and Swedes
• Your salad crops should be sown in succession
• Lettuce and Leaves such as Rocket
• Radishes
• Spring Onions

Sowing under cover

• Sweetcorn
• Courgette
• Marrow
• Pumpkin

These really don't like starting in the cold and you only grow a relatively few plants so starting off in pots is well worth the investment.

Sweetcorn does not like its roots being disturbed so some people pack old toilet roll inners with compost and sow in there, planting out the whole roll when ready. Because you are in a cardboard pot, they can dry out very easily and you need to ensure they are planted with the whole roll below ground level or the collar will encourage drying out and restrict growth. It is easier to use something like root trainers although an ordinary three inch pot will suffice if care is taken at planting time.

Planting Out

If your plants are large enough, you can plant out now:

• Brussels sprouts
• Summer cabbages
• Celery
• Celeriac
• Leeks.

With leeks a good rule of thumb is to get the seedling about as thick as a pencil. Dib a hole about six inches deep using something like a spade handle and drop the seedling in. Water well and allow the soil to fall back in naturally.

The old method of trimming the roots and top before transplanting leeks is not actually a good thing and has been shown to be detrimental. It's a big enough shock to the plant being taken out of its seedbed!

In the greenhouse

The following are ready for their final home, that may be the border, a growbag or a large pot.

• Aubergine
• Peppers (Chilli and Sweet)
• Cucumber
• Tomatoes

Fruit

It's mainly a matter of ensuring that you get the crops rather than the birds. A fruit cage is a big investment but very effective, otherwise netting to keep the birds away.

Strawberries planted this year will perform better in subsequent years if you remove the flowers so they don't set fruit in the first year but concentrate on building their strength for next.

General Tasks

As I said above, keep hoeing off the weeds but perennial weeds like dandelion and dock will need their roots removing to prevent re-growth. Bindweed can be a nightmare to stop, any small piece of root will grow. It's by far the easiest to use a spray of glyphosate based weedkiller, which will go to the roots and kill the plant.

Another weed that re-appears at this time is Horsetail (Equisetum Arvense). You will need repeated applications of glyphosate weedkiller for this which will keep the plot out of action for a while as it does its work.

Organic growers will just need to keep hoeing and removing roots. This will eventually defeat the weed but it's a long, hard job.

On the subject of weedkillers, if you have used a product such as 'Weed and Feed' on your lawn, the mowings may well be toxic to your crops. Often you need to compost

Gardener's Pests

Don't forget the slugs are about, if you find an entire row of seedlings have vanished overnight you can bet it was slugs.

With your carrots, covering with a fleece and ensuring the edges are buried will stop the carrot root fly from gaining entry to lay eggs by your carrots. The eggs hatch in larvae that burrow into the carrot root, killing the plant or at least spoiling the crop.